This section helps you get started using your Eucalyptus cloud, and covers setting up your user credentials, installing and configuring the AWS CLI, and working with images and instances. As a cloud user, you can access the Eucalyptus cloud using a command line interface such as the AWS CLI, or using a web-based interface such as the Eucalyptus Management Console.
Note
This section primarily deals with using the AWS CLI. For complete documentation on using web-based the Eucalyptus Console, see Console Login.The install guide covers “AWS CLI Installation”
Find Image
Enter the following command:
# aws ec2 describe-images
IMAGES x86_64 2020-10-17T05:29:09.161Z emi-0ba907069cb1845bc ubuntu-focal/focal-server-cloudimg-amd64.raw.manifest.xml machine ubuntu-focal 000575948401 True /dev/sda instance-store available hvm
IMAGES x86_64 2020-10-17T05:24:08.857Z emi-371ada125a928669e centos-7/CentOS-7-x86_64-GenericCloud-2003.raw.manifest.xml machine centos-7 000575948401 True /dev/sda instance-store available hvm
Look for the image ID and write it down. The image ID starts with emi- . Once you find a suitable image to use, make sure you have a keypair to use.
Note
Examples use the AWS CLI text output format. You can request this output for a command by adding an “–output text” argument to any command.Create KeyPairs
Enter the following command:
aws ec2 create-key-pair --key-name <keypair_name> > <keypair_name>.private
where <keypair_name> is a unique name for your keypair. For example:
aws ec2 create-key-pair --key-name "alice-keypair" > "alice-keypair.private"
The private key is saved to a file in your local directory. Query the system to view the public key:
# aws ec2 describe-key-pairs
KEYPAIRS 92:40:28:cb:08:54:80:95:8d:69:d9:ab:9a:ff:28:30:40:12:6a:66 alice-keypair
Authorize Security Groups
Before you can log in to an instance, you must authorize access to that instance. This done by configuring a security group for that instance.
A security group is a set of networking rules applied to instances associated with that group. When you first create an instance, it is assigned to a default security group that denies incoming network traffic from all sources. To allow login and usage of a new instance, you must authorize network access to the default security group with the authorize-security-group-ingress command.
To authorize a security group, use authorize-security-group-ingress with the name of the security group, and the options of the network rule permissions you want to apply.
aws ec2 authorize-security-group-ingress [--group-id <value>] [--group-name <value>] [--ip-permissions <value>]
Use the following command to grant unlimited network access using SSH (TCP, port 22) and VNC (TCP, ports 5900 to 5910) to the security group default :
# aws ec2 authorize-security-group-ingress --ip-permissions "IpProtocol=tcp,FromPort=22,ToPort=22,IpRanges={CidrIp=0.0.0.0/0}" --group-name default
# aws ec2 authorize-security-group-ingress --ip-permissions "IpProtocol=tcp,FromPort=5900,ToPort=5910,IpRanges={CidrIp=0.0.0.0/0}" --group-name default
Launch an Instance
Use the run-instances command and provide an image ID. For example:
aws ec2 run-instances --image-id emi-371ada125a928669e
For additional details and options that can be used with the run-instances command. Enter the following command to get the launch status of the instance:
aws ec2 describe-instances --instance-ids <instance_id>
Log in to an Instance
When you create an instance, Eucalyptus assigns the instance two IP addresses: a public IP address and a private IP address. The public IP address provides access to the instance from external network sources; the private IP address provides access to the instance from within the Eucalyptus cloud environment. For more information on Eucalyptus networking modes, see the Eucalyptus Administrator’s Guide.
To use an instance you must log into it via ssh using one of the IP addresses assigned to it. You can obtain the instance’s IP addresses using the describe-instances query as shown in the following example.
To log into a VM instance:
Enter the following command to view the IP addresses of your instance:
# aws ec2 describe-instances
RESERVATIONS 000332850814 r-825a2c9c04e97ee62
GROUPS sg-84741faf0bd87ea73 default
INSTANCES 0 x86_64 emi-371ada125a928669e i-131e5853a71c87f16 t2.micro 2020-10-19T16:35:36.120Z euca-172-31-15-2.eucalyptus.internal 172.31.15.2 euca-192-168-134-74.eucalyptus.mycloud.example.com 192.168.134.74 /dev/sda1 instance-store True NORMAL: -- [] subnet-1343e38b5566c8e90 hvm vpc-bded94e5dd0a07bc3
MONITORING disabled
NETWORKINTERFACES Primary network interface d0:0d:c1:ba:7d:64 eni-c1ba7d641cb70a7ee 000332850814 euca-172-31-15-2.eucalyptus.internal 172.31.15.2 True in-usesubnet-1343e38b5566c8e90 vpc-bded94e5dd0a07bc3
ASSOCIATION euca-192-168-134-74.eucalyptus.mycloud.example.com 192.168.134.74
ATTACHMENT 2020-10-19T16:35:36.125Z eni-attach-d597b44874e84bbb2 True 0 attached
GROUPS sg-84741faf0bd87ea73 default
PRIVATEIPADDRESSES True euca-172-31-15-2.eucalyptus.internal 172.31.15.2
ASSOCIATION euca-192-168-134-74.eucalyptus.mycloud.example.com 192.168.134.74
PLACEMENT cloud-1a
SECURITYGROUPS sg-84741faf0bd87ea73 default
STATE 16 running
Note that the public IP address is on the INSTANCES line after “mycloud.example.com”, the private address is after “eucalyptus.internal”.
Look for the instance ID on the INSTANCE line and write it down. Use this ID to manipulate and terminate this instance.
Note
Be sure that the security group for the instance allows SSH access.Use SSH to log into the instance, using your private key and the public IP address. For example:
ssh -i alice-keypair.private root@192.168.134.74
You are now logged in to your Linux instance.
Terminate an Instance
The terminate-instances command lets you cancel running VM instances. When you terminate instances, you must specify the ID string of the instance(s) you wish to terminate. You can obtain the ID strings of your instances using the describe-instances or describe-instance-status commands.
Warning
Terminating an instance can cause the instance and all items associated with the instance (data, packages installed, etc.) to be lost. Be sure to save any important work or data to Object Storage or EBS before terminating an instance.To terminate VM instances:
Enter describe-instance-status to obtain the ID of the instances you wish to terminate. Note that an instance ID strings begin with the prefix i- followed by an 8-character string:
# aws ec2 describe-instance-status
INSTANCESTATUSES cloud-1a i-131e5853a71c87f16
INSTANCESTATE 16 running
INSTANCESTATUS ok
DETAILS reachability passed
SYSTEMSTATUS ok
DETAILS reachability passed
Enter terminate-instances and the ID string(s) of the instance(s) you wish to terminate:
# aws ec2 terminate-instances --instance-ids i-131e5853a71c87f16
TERMINATINGINSTANCES i-131e5853a71c87f16
CURRENTSTATE 32 shutting-down
PREVIOUSSTATE 16 running